I need everything in by 5:00 on Saturday. I am doing something on Sunday and can't work on our paper on Sunday. Jared sent me the introduction and I still need the conclusion, 3 articles from Andy, and 3 articles from Jared.
Cheers,
Mike
Thursday, November 8, 2007
Saturday 5:00 deadline
I need to have everyone's articles and the conclusion by Saturday at 5:00. I am doing something Sunday and will not have time to work on our paper. Jared sent me the introduction and I still need the conclusion. I also need three more articles from Jared and Andy.
Cheers, Mike
Cheers, Mike
Tuesday, November 6, 2007
Andy's Article 3
[Article 3] Michelle M. Cloutier, Dorothy B. Wakefield, Charles B. Hall and Howard L. Bailit. Childhood Asthma in an Urban Community: Prevalence, Care System, and Treatment Chest 2002;122;1571-1579
Cloutier, et al, attempt to describe the system of asthma treatment in an urban minority community. The authors indicate several Community factors and personal health behaviors that are associated with asthma prevalence and morbidity. These include low socioeconomic status, environmental tobacco smoke exposure, poorly maintained housing, and indoor and outdoor allergens, including cockroach and rodent infestation.
Asthma prevalence and severity were estimated from surveys of children seeking medical care in local (Hartford, CT) clinics. Asthma severity was based on the frequency of daytime and nocturnal symptoms, the degree of exercise impairment, the frequency of as-needed inhaled bronchodilator therapy, and the effect of symptoms on lifestyle and school attendance.
Additionally, the authors describe differences in health-care delivery factors that may substantially impact outcomes. These include inadequate availability and access to health care, and language and cultural barriers. Furthermore, major provider problems include the failure to diagnose asthma and the under-prescribing of inhaled and oral corticosteroid therapy.
[Andy’s summary and opinions: These authors confirm findings from previous articles- namely, that Asthma is the most common chronic disease of children in the U.S. and the risk factors associated with chronic asthma. Again, and this is conceded by the authors, these findings can only be applied to those seeking medical care, not the whole child population.]
Cloutier, et al, attempt to describe the system of asthma treatment in an urban minority community. The authors indicate several Community factors and personal health behaviors that are associated with asthma prevalence and morbidity. These include low socioeconomic status, environmental tobacco smoke exposure, poorly maintained housing, and indoor and outdoor allergens, including cockroach and rodent infestation.
Asthma prevalence and severity were estimated from surveys of children seeking medical care in local (Hartford, CT) clinics. Asthma severity was based on the frequency of daytime and nocturnal symptoms, the degree of exercise impairment, the frequency of as-needed inhaled bronchodilator therapy, and the effect of symptoms on lifestyle and school attendance.
Additionally, the authors describe differences in health-care delivery factors that may substantially impact outcomes. These include inadequate availability and access to health care, and language and cultural barriers. Furthermore, major provider problems include the failure to diagnose asthma and the under-prescribing of inhaled and oral corticosteroid therapy.
[Andy’s summary and opinions: These authors confirm findings from previous articles- namely, that Asthma is the most common chronic disease of children in the U.S. and the risk factors associated with chronic asthma. Again, and this is conceded by the authors, these findings can only be applied to those seeking medical care, not the whole child population.]
Monday, November 5, 2007
Andy's Article 2
[Header] Newacheck PW, Halfon N. Prevalence, impact, and trends in childhood disability due to asthma. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2000;154:287-293.
Newacheck and Halfon claim that asthma is the single most prevalent cause of childhood disability and that it has contributed to a substantial rise in the overall prevalence of disability in children during the past 25 years. They studied a cross-sectional analysis of 62,171 children and also data from 4 decades of National Health Interview Surveys.
These researchers found significantly higher rates of disability due to asthma for adolescents, black children, males, and children from low-income and single parent families. They also found that the prevalence of disabling asthma has increased 232% since 1969. This is approximately twice the increase of disability due to all other childhood chronic conditions.
Newacheck and Haflon suggest that this increase may be due to differences in data collection methods, distribution of underlying risk factors, or changes in host resistance.
[Remarks and Andy’s opinion. It does indeed appear that Asthma disability is growing at a disproportionately high rate [as defined by Newacheck and Halfon and the NHIS]. However, there is some strange operational definition of Asthma disability that contains general activity levels (e.g., playing outside) that may reflect general trends in activity or may be confounded. “Limited activity…” Authors conceded that this may be due to data collection methods, distribution of underlying risk factors, or even changes in host resistance. ]
Newacheck and Halfon claim that asthma is the single most prevalent cause of childhood disability and that it has contributed to a substantial rise in the overall prevalence of disability in children during the past 25 years. They studied a cross-sectional analysis of 62,171 children and also data from 4 decades of National Health Interview Surveys.
These researchers found significantly higher rates of disability due to asthma for adolescents, black children, males, and children from low-income and single parent families. They also found that the prevalence of disabling asthma has increased 232% since 1969. This is approximately twice the increase of disability due to all other childhood chronic conditions.
Newacheck and Haflon suggest that this increase may be due to differences in data collection methods, distribution of underlying risk factors, or changes in host resistance.
[Remarks and Andy’s opinion. It does indeed appear that Asthma disability is growing at a disproportionately high rate [as defined by Newacheck and Halfon and the NHIS]. However, there is some strange operational definition of Asthma disability that contains general activity levels (e.g., playing outside) that may reflect general trends in activity or may be confounded. “Limited activity…” Authors conceded that this may be due to data collection methods, distribution of underlying risk factors, or even changes in host resistance. ]
Sunday, November 4, 2007
Editing the Articles
I am working on editing the articles and making sure everything is consistent. So far I have all six from Martha, my six articles, and one from Andy (the one posted below). When you get your articles done post them on this blog or send them to mikerach98@msn.com.
Mike
Mike
Saturday, November 3, 2007
Summarized articles
Hello Everybody,
Sorry for posting my 6 articles late, I got a little problem with my computer. Here I am posting my articles summaries, if there are any suggestions please let me know. I tried to follow the suggestions from the paper revied by Dr. Byrd. It is being really hard to compile a lot of information in half of a page, but I tried my best. These may not look long enough but if we change the spacing to double space they are about 1/2 page.
I have e-mailed them to Mike with the part # 3
Krouse, J., Veling, M., Ryan, M., Pillsbury, H., Krouse, H., Joe, S., Heller A., Han, J., Fineman, S. & Brown, R. (2007). Executive summary: asthma and the unified airway. Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 136, 699-706.
Krouse et al. (2007) explain the importance for otorhinolaryngologists to consider asthma diagnosis and treatment in patients suffering from upper respiratory infections. The authors examine the relationship between upper- respiratory disorders such as rhinitis and lower respiratory-illness such as asthma. The authors use the concept of unified airway as model for concurrent inflammatory processes in the upper and lower respiratory tract. The authors indicate that the prevalence of asthma among patients with rhinosinusitis is 20% and the prevalence of asthma for patients with rhinosinusitis with polyps is estimated at 50%, the prevalence of theses two conditions is considerable high in comparison to the prevalence of asthma in the general population which is estimate at 5% to 8%. The conclusion of this article emphasize that otorhinolaryngologists can help to reduce the symptom and improve the quality of life of patients who suffer from asthma.
Nicholas, S., Jean-Louis, B., Ortiz, B., Northridge, M., Shoemaker, K, Vaughan, R., Rome, M., Canada, G., & Hutchinson V. (2005). Addressing the childhood asthma crisis in Harlem: the Harlem children’s zone asthma initiative. American Journal of Public Health, 95(2), 245-249.
Nicholas et al. (2005) conducted an asthma screening community intervention to determine the prevalence of and the management of symptoms among children 0 -12 years of age living Central Harlem. The intervention included screening questionnaires for parents and guardians of children living within the Harlem zone project, active surveillance of hospital and clinic records, day cares centers and recreational programs in the area. As part of the program intervention parents were offered the opportunity to have their children examined by a doctor or a nurse from the Harlem Hospital asthma team. According to the results 1982 children were screened, 28.5% of them were told by a doctor that they have asthma, 30.3% of the children experienced symptoms of asthma, among other findings there is a high prevalence of asthma was detected among school-age males, Latinos and children living with smokers.
Fowler, M., Davenport, M., & Garg, R. (1992). School functioning of US children with asthma. Pediatrics, 90(6), 939-944.
Fowler, Davenport & Garg (1992) examine data from the 1988 US National Health Interview Survey in Child Health to determine the effects of asthma in relationship to school functioning. The data analyzed included school outcomes in terms of grades failure and learning disability, number of absences due to asthma, other categories included in the survey were family income and parents’ level of education. The results of this analysis report that children with asthma had a slightly higher rates of grad failure compared with the group of well children, but these children reported to have almost twice the rates of disabilities (9%) compared to the well group. Regarding to the socioeconomic level, children from families with low incomes particularly children with asthma were at increased risk for school failure.
Kinnert, M., Price, M., Liu, A., & Robinson J. (2003). Morbidity patterns among low-income wheezing infants. Pediatrics, 112(1), 49-57.
Kinnert et al. (2003) analyze the influence of biological, environmental and social factors that impact the morbidity of low-income infants who have wheezing illnesses. The elements analyzed in the study were demographic information from the infants’ medical records, serum and urine lab tests taken from the infants of who participated in the study, and interviews with the primary care takers. The findings indicate that only 72% of the infants who participated in the study were taking bronchodilators, 46% of these group had at least one hospitalization do to respiratory problems. One of the interesting results indicates that infants from foreign-born Hispanic families have higher number of visits to the emergency department. The authors were not able to investigate culturally based attitudes and beliefs that influence health seeking behaviors.
Newacheck, P., Budetti, P., & Halfon, N. (1986). Trends in activity- limiting chronic conditions among children. American Journal of Public Health, 76(2), 178-184.
In this article Newacheck , Budetti, and Halfom (1986) examine the possible explanations for the Nation Center for Health Statistics 1981 survey results regarding the increase in the number of children under 17 years of age with activity-limiting with chronic health conditions. According to the authors there are four cases that can help to explain the results of the survey, these are: changes in the parental perceptions about disabilities, improved access to health care services, expanded screening programs in the schools or an improvement of the national survey. After providing an explanations of these causes the authors conclude that between 1969 and 1981 there was a significant increase in reporting in three health conditions including respiratory diseases, mental and nervous disorders, and orthopedic impairments.
Li, J.,& O’Connell, E. (1996). Clinical evaluation of asthma. Annals of Allergy Asthma and Immunology, 76, 1-14.
Li and O’Connell (1996) examine the effectiveness of the use of patient medical history and symptoms in the diagnosis of asthma. The authors explain that symptoms such as wheezing, chest tightness and difficulty taking breaths are suggestive of asthma; but other symptoms of the disease that may suggest alternative diagnosis among patients with asthma. One of the studies cited by the authors showed that from 14,127 patients who were evaluated for asthma 6.1% were diagnosed with asthma, and 3.3% went undiagnosed while having active asthma. The authors conclude that there are limitations in the clinical evaluation of asthma even by specialists, for that reason they recommend hat physician should recognize the limitations of medical history and physical examination when evaluating patients for asthma, they also suggest the use of other tests for the diagnosis of asthma.
Sorry for posting my 6 articles late, I got a little problem with my computer. Here I am posting my articles summaries, if there are any suggestions please let me know. I tried to follow the suggestions from the paper revied by Dr. Byrd. It is being really hard to compile a lot of information in half of a page, but I tried my best. These may not look long enough but if we change the spacing to double space they are about 1/2 page.
I have e-mailed them to Mike with the part # 3
Krouse, J., Veling, M., Ryan, M., Pillsbury, H., Krouse, H., Joe, S., Heller A., Han, J., Fineman, S. & Brown, R. (2007). Executive summary: asthma and the unified airway. Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 136, 699-706.
Krouse et al. (2007) explain the importance for otorhinolaryngologists to consider asthma diagnosis and treatment in patients suffering from upper respiratory infections. The authors examine the relationship between upper- respiratory disorders such as rhinitis and lower respiratory-illness such as asthma. The authors use the concept of unified airway as model for concurrent inflammatory processes in the upper and lower respiratory tract. The authors indicate that the prevalence of asthma among patients with rhinosinusitis is 20% and the prevalence of asthma for patients with rhinosinusitis with polyps is estimated at 50%, the prevalence of theses two conditions is considerable high in comparison to the prevalence of asthma in the general population which is estimate at 5% to 8%. The conclusion of this article emphasize that otorhinolaryngologists can help to reduce the symptom and improve the quality of life of patients who suffer from asthma.
Nicholas, S., Jean-Louis, B., Ortiz, B., Northridge, M., Shoemaker, K, Vaughan, R., Rome, M., Canada, G., & Hutchinson V. (2005). Addressing the childhood asthma crisis in Harlem: the Harlem children’s zone asthma initiative. American Journal of Public Health, 95(2), 245-249.
Nicholas et al. (2005) conducted an asthma screening community intervention to determine the prevalence of and the management of symptoms among children 0 -12 years of age living Central Harlem. The intervention included screening questionnaires for parents and guardians of children living within the Harlem zone project, active surveillance of hospital and clinic records, day cares centers and recreational programs in the area. As part of the program intervention parents were offered the opportunity to have their children examined by a doctor or a nurse from the Harlem Hospital asthma team. According to the results 1982 children were screened, 28.5% of them were told by a doctor that they have asthma, 30.3% of the children experienced symptoms of asthma, among other findings there is a high prevalence of asthma was detected among school-age males, Latinos and children living with smokers.
Fowler, M., Davenport, M., & Garg, R. (1992). School functioning of US children with asthma. Pediatrics, 90(6), 939-944.
Fowler, Davenport & Garg (1992) examine data from the 1988 US National Health Interview Survey in Child Health to determine the effects of asthma in relationship to school functioning. The data analyzed included school outcomes in terms of grades failure and learning disability, number of absences due to asthma, other categories included in the survey were family income and parents’ level of education. The results of this analysis report that children with asthma had a slightly higher rates of grad failure compared with the group of well children, but these children reported to have almost twice the rates of disabilities (9%) compared to the well group. Regarding to the socioeconomic level, children from families with low incomes particularly children with asthma were at increased risk for school failure.
Kinnert, M., Price, M., Liu, A., & Robinson J. (2003). Morbidity patterns among low-income wheezing infants. Pediatrics, 112(1), 49-57.
Kinnert et al. (2003) analyze the influence of biological, environmental and social factors that impact the morbidity of low-income infants who have wheezing illnesses. The elements analyzed in the study were demographic information from the infants’ medical records, serum and urine lab tests taken from the infants of who participated in the study, and interviews with the primary care takers. The findings indicate that only 72% of the infants who participated in the study were taking bronchodilators, 46% of these group had at least one hospitalization do to respiratory problems. One of the interesting results indicates that infants from foreign-born Hispanic families have higher number of visits to the emergency department. The authors were not able to investigate culturally based attitudes and beliefs that influence health seeking behaviors.
Newacheck, P., Budetti, P., & Halfon, N. (1986). Trends in activity- limiting chronic conditions among children. American Journal of Public Health, 76(2), 178-184.
In this article Newacheck , Budetti, and Halfom (1986) examine the possible explanations for the Nation Center for Health Statistics 1981 survey results regarding the increase in the number of children under 17 years of age with activity-limiting with chronic health conditions. According to the authors there are four cases that can help to explain the results of the survey, these are: changes in the parental perceptions about disabilities, improved access to health care services, expanded screening programs in the schools or an improvement of the national survey. After providing an explanations of these causes the authors conclude that between 1969 and 1981 there was a significant increase in reporting in three health conditions including respiratory diseases, mental and nervous disorders, and orthopedic impairments.
Li, J.,& O’Connell, E. (1996). Clinical evaluation of asthma. Annals of Allergy Asthma and Immunology, 76, 1-14.
Li and O’Connell (1996) examine the effectiveness of the use of patient medical history and symptoms in the diagnosis of asthma. The authors explain that symptoms such as wheezing, chest tightness and difficulty taking breaths are suggestive of asthma; but other symptoms of the disease that may suggest alternative diagnosis among patients with asthma. One of the studies cited by the authors showed that from 14,127 patients who were evaluated for asthma 6.1% were diagnosed with asthma, and 3.3% went undiagnosed while having active asthma. The authors conclude that there are limitations in the clinical evaluation of asthma even by specialists, for that reason they recommend hat physician should recognize the limitations of medical history and physical examination when evaluating patients for asthma, they also suggest the use of other tests for the diagnosis of asthma.
My six articles
Li, J.& O'Connel, E. (1996). Clinical evaluation of asthma. Annals of Asthma Immulogy, 76-1-14
Newacheck, P., Buddety, P., Halfon, N. (1986). Trends in activity-limiting chronic conditions among children. American Journal of Public Health, 76, 178-184
Fowler, M., Davenport, M., & Garg, R. (1992). School functioning of US children with asthma. Pediatrics, 90, 939-944.
Klinnert, M., Price, M., Liu, A., & Robinson, J. (2003). Morbidity patterns among low-income wheezing infants. Pediatrics, 112(1), 49-57.
Nichola, S., Jean-Louis, B., Ortiz B., Northridge, M., Shoemaker, K., Vaughan, R., Rome, M., Canada, G., & Hutchinson, V. (2005). Addressing the childhood asthma crisis in Harlem: the Harlem children's zone asthma initiative.
Krouse, J., Veling, M., Ryan, M., Pillsbury, H., Krouse, M., Joe, S., Heller, A., Han, J., Fineman, S, & Brown, R. (2007). Executive sumary: asthma and the unified airway. Otorhinolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, 136, 699-706.
Newacheck, P., Buddety, P., Halfon, N. (1986). Trends in activity-limiting chronic conditions among children. American Journal of Public Health, 76, 178-184
Fowler, M., Davenport, M., & Garg, R. (1992). School functioning of US children with asthma. Pediatrics, 90, 939-944.
Klinnert, M., Price, M., Liu, A., & Robinson, J. (2003). Morbidity patterns among low-income wheezing infants. Pediatrics, 112(1), 49-57.
Nichola, S., Jean-Louis, B., Ortiz B., Northridge, M., Shoemaker, K., Vaughan, R., Rome, M., Canada, G., & Hutchinson, V. (2005). Addressing the childhood asthma crisis in Harlem: the Harlem children's zone asthma initiative.
Krouse, J., Veling, M., Ryan, M., Pillsbury, H., Krouse, M., Joe, S., Heller, A., Han, J., Fineman, S, & Brown, R. (2007). Executive sumary: asthma and the unified airway. Otorhinolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, 136, 699-706.
10 additional articles
- Evans R, Gergen PJ, Mitchell H, et al. A randomized clinical trial to reduce asthma morbidity among inner-city children: results of the National Cooperative Inner-City Asthma Study. J Pediatr. 1999; 135:332-338
- Szefler SJ. Challenges in assessing outcomes for pediatric asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001; 107:S456-S464
- Asmussen L, Olsen LM, Grant EN, et al. Reliability and validity of the Children's Health Survey for Asthma. Pediatrics. 1999; 104(6)
- Sullivan SA, Olsen LM. Developing condition-specific measures of functional status and well-being for children. Clin Perform Qual Health Care. 1995; 3:132-138
- Aas K. Heterogeneity of bronchial asthma. Allergy. 1981; 36:3-10
- Rosier MJ, Bishop J, Nolan T, Robertson CF, Carlin JB, Phelan PD. Measurement of functional severity of asthma in children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1994; 149:1434-1441
- Revicki DA, Leidy NK, Brennan-Diemer F, Sorenson S, Togias A. Integrating patient preferences into health outcomes assessment: the multiattribute asthma symptom utility index. Chest. 1998;114:998-1007
- Carr W, Zeitel L, Weiss K. Variations in asthma hospitalizations and deaths in New York City. Am J Public Health. 1992; 82:59-65
- Claudio L, Tulton T, Doucette J, Landrigan PJ. Socioeconomic factors and asthma hospitalizations rates in New York City. J Asthma. 1999; 36: 343-350
- Crain EF, Weiss KB, Bijur PE, Hersh M, Westbrook L, Stein RE. An estimate of the prevalence of asthma and wheezing among inner-city children. Pediatrics. 1994;94:356-362
And here is an 11th one on the off-chance that we find some replication:
Nelson DA, Johnson CC, Divine GW, Strauchman C, Joseph CL, Ownby DR. Ethnic differences in the prevalence of asthma in middle class children. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunil. 1997;78:21-26.
Friday, November 2, 2007
Mike's articles
Here are my six. I will email you the full summaries
Nicholas S, Jean-Louis B, et al. Addressing the Childhood Asthma Crisis in Harlem. Am J Public Health. 2005; 95: 245-249.
Weiss K, Gergen P, Hodgson T. An Economic Evaluation of Asthma in the United States. New England Journal of Medicine. March 1992: 862-866.
Taylor W, Newacheck P. Impact of Childhood Asthma on Health. Pediatrics. 1992; 90: 657-662.
Newacheck P, Taylor W. Childhood Chronic Illness: Prevalence, Severity, and Impact. Am J Public Health. 1992; 82: 364-371.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Asthma Prevalence and Control Characteristics by Race/Ethnicity. MMWR; 53: 145-148.
Perrin J, MacLean W, and Perrin E. Parental Perceptions of Health Status and Psychologic Adjustment pf Children with Asthma. Pediatrics. 1989; 83: 26-30.
Nicholas S, Jean-Louis B, et al. Addressing the Childhood Asthma Crisis in Harlem. Am J Public Health. 2005; 95: 245-249.
Weiss K, Gergen P, Hodgson T. An Economic Evaluation of Asthma in the United States. New England Journal of Medicine. March 1992: 862-866.
Taylor W, Newacheck P. Impact of Childhood Asthma on Health. Pediatrics. 1992; 90: 657-662.
Newacheck P, Taylor W. Childhood Chronic Illness: Prevalence, Severity, and Impact. Am J Public Health. 1992; 82: 364-371.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Asthma Prevalence and Control Characteristics by Race/Ethnicity. MMWR; 53: 145-148.
Perrin J, MacLean W, and Perrin E. Parental Perceptions of Health Status and Psychologic Adjustment pf Children with Asthma. Pediatrics. 1989; 83: 26-30.
Thursday, November 1, 2007
articles
Here are the articles. I will weed out a few. Good luck.
Childhood Asthma and Poverty: Differential Impacts and Utilization of Health Services
Halfon and Newachek
Identification of Population Subgroups of Children and Adolescents With High Asthma Prevalence
Rodriguez, Winkleby
Rethinking Race/Ethnicity, Income, and Childhood Asthma: Racial/Ethnic Disparities Concentrated Among the Very Poor
Lauren A. Smith, MD, MPHa
Juliet L. Hatcher-Ross, MSPHb
Richard Wertheimer, PhDc
Robert S. Kahn, MD, MPHd
ENVIRONMENTAL TRIGGERS OF ASTHMA
Many Authors
Personal Responsibility Versus Responsible Options: Health Care, Community Health Promotion, and the Battle Against Chronic Disease
Joseph R. Betancourt, MD, MPH, Joan Quinlan, MPA
Infant Mortality Statistics from the 1999 Period Linked Birth/Infant Death Data Set
by T.J. Mathews, M.S., Marian F. MacDorman, Ph.D., and Fay Menacker, Dr.P.H., Division of Vital Statistics
National Surveillance for Asthma --- United States, 1980--2004
Jeanne E. Moorman, MS,1 Rose Anne Rudd, MSPH,1 Carol A. Johnson, MPH,1 Michael King, PhD,1 Patrick Minor, MSPH,
Dust Mite, Cockroach, Cat, and Dog Allergen Concentrations in Homes
of Asthmatic Children in the Northeastern United States: Impact of
Socioeconomic Factors and Population Density
Brian P. Leaderer,^ Kathleen Belanger/ Eiizabeth Triche,^ Theodore Holford,^ Diane R. Gold/-^ Young Kim,^
Thomas Jankun,^ Ping Ren,^ Jean-elien McSharry,^ Thomas A. E. Platts-MHIs,'* Martin D. Chapman,'^ and Michael B. Bracken^
Tailored Education May Reduce Health Literacy Disparities in Asthma Self-Management
Paasche-Orlow, Reikert
Environmental Allergens and Asthma Morbidity in Low-Income Children
Turyk, Curtis
Childhood Asthma and Poverty: Differential Impacts and Utilization of Health Services
Halfon and Newachek
Identification of Population Subgroups of Children and Adolescents With High Asthma Prevalence
Rodriguez, Winkleby
Rethinking Race/Ethnicity, Income, and Childhood Asthma: Racial/Ethnic Disparities Concentrated Among the Very Poor
Lauren A. Smith, MD, MPHa
Juliet L. Hatcher-Ross, MSPHb
Richard Wertheimer, PhDc
Robert S. Kahn, MD, MPHd
ENVIRONMENTAL TRIGGERS OF ASTHMA
Many Authors
Personal Responsibility Versus Responsible Options: Health Care, Community Health Promotion, and the Battle Against Chronic Disease
Joseph R. Betancourt, MD, MPH, Joan Quinlan, MPA
Infant Mortality Statistics from the 1999 Period Linked Birth/Infant Death Data Set
by T.J. Mathews, M.S., Marian F. MacDorman, Ph.D., and Fay Menacker, Dr.P.H., Division of Vital Statistics
National Surveillance for Asthma --- United States, 1980--2004
Jeanne E. Moorman, MS,1 Rose Anne Rudd, MSPH,1 Carol A. Johnson, MPH,1 Michael King, PhD,1 Patrick Minor, MSPH,
Dust Mite, Cockroach, Cat, and Dog Allergen Concentrations in Homes
of Asthmatic Children in the Northeastern United States: Impact of
Socioeconomic Factors and Population Density
Brian P. Leaderer,^ Kathleen Belanger/ Eiizabeth Triche,^ Theodore Holford,^ Diane R. Gold/-^ Young Kim,^
Thomas Jankun,^ Ping Ren,^ Jean-elien McSharry,^ Thomas A. E. Platts-MHIs,'* Martin D. Chapman,'^ and Michael B. Bracken^
Tailored Education May Reduce Health Literacy Disparities in Asthma Self-Management
Paasche-Orlow, Reikert
Environmental Allergens and Asthma Morbidity in Low-Income Children
Turyk, Curtis
Article 1.
[In header:]Sharek PJ, et. al.. Agreement among measures of asthma status: a prospective study of low-income children with moderate to severe asthma. Pediatrics, 2002 Oct; 110 (4): 797-804
There is no single variable used in heath research that best represents asthma. Due to this lack of any “gold standard” for measuring asthma outcomes, several disease status measures are used as proxy for asthma when evaluating interventions. Some of these measures may be redundant and unnecessary while some may be complementary and useful. It is not necessarily better to use several variables for asthma in a study. In fact, use of multiple outcomes may lead to ambiguous results, increased type I error rates, and be an inefficient use of resources.
Sharek, et. al., examine correlations between measures of asthma commonly used in medical research. They hoped to find relationships between proxy asthma variables that would help to create parsimonious models using only complementary (correlated) variables.
Their results suggest that asthma status and change in asthma status over time are best characterized by parent-reported symptoms, parent-reported utilization, and functional health status measures. Asthma diaries and pulmonary function tests did not seem to provide additional benefit. Their findings suggest that parsimonious models would only include collection of key data elements regarding symptoms, utilization, and functional health status.
[In footer:]Reviewed by Andrew Wilson
There is no single variable used in heath research that best represents asthma. Due to this lack of any “gold standard” for measuring asthma outcomes, several disease status measures are used as proxy for asthma when evaluating interventions. Some of these measures may be redundant and unnecessary while some may be complementary and useful. It is not necessarily better to use several variables for asthma in a study. In fact, use of multiple outcomes may lead to ambiguous results, increased type I error rates, and be an inefficient use of resources.
Sharek, et. al., examine correlations between measures of asthma commonly used in medical research. They hoped to find relationships between proxy asthma variables that would help to create parsimonious models using only complementary (correlated) variables.
Their results suggest that asthma status and change in asthma status over time are best characterized by parent-reported symptoms, parent-reported utilization, and functional health status measures. Asthma diaries and pulmonary function tests did not seem to provide additional benefit. Their findings suggest that parsimonious models would only include collection of key data elements regarding symptoms, utilization, and functional health status.
[In footer:]Reviewed by Andrew Wilson
My 6
Although we'll need to standardize format, here are my 6 articles for Martha to include in the paper.
- Sharek PJ, et. al.. Agreement among measures of asthma status: a prospective study of low-income children with moderate to severe asthma. Pediatrics, 2002 Oct; 110 (4): 797-804
- Newacheck PW, Halfon N. Prevalence, impact, and trends in childhood disability due to asthma. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2000;154:287-293.
- Michelle M. Cloutier, Dorothy B. Wakefield, Charles B. Hall and Howard L. Bailit. Childhood Asthma in an Urban Community: Prevalence, Care System, and Treatment Chest 2002;122;1571-1579
- Stanley J. Szefler Facing the challenges of childhood asthma: What changes are necessary? J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005;115:685-8.
- Mitchell H, Senturia Y, Gergen P, et al. Design and methods of the National Cooperative Inner-City Asthma Study. Pediatr Pulmonol. 1997;24:237-252.
- Cashat-Cruz M; Morales-Aguirre JJ; Mendoza-Azpiri M. Respiratory tract infections in children in developing countries. Seminars in Pediatric Infectious Diseases, 2005 Apr; 16(2): 84-92
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